Nationalism

Nationalism ITALIAN UNIFICATION **//Who is in and who is out? Who defines which people belong in a national society? //** The nations on the map on the right represent all though who are gaining Nationalism in their country.

**//Does nationalism untie or divide? //** Nationalism unites because it brings together a country and its people. Nationalism makes the people feel proud of their country.

**//Why did a strong sense of nationalism begin in Europe before other parts of the world?//** Nationalism began in Europe because Europe has gone through many wars and many trials. Finally, the European nations are coming together and uniting with their country to become to the dominant power. The countries are starting to care more about the welfare of their country and the the future for their children in the nation**.**

**The Red Shirts**  In this picture on the right, a battle scene is shown featuring the Red Shirts. Based on the painting, I believe that the painter is a supporter of the Red Shirts. This is because the painter shows a vast number of Red Shirts in the picture and many of them fighting, even though they are down. He is representing the courage and the perseverance of the Red Shirts in this picture.

**Definitions** Giuseppe Mazzini: Italian patriot who formed the nationalist group called Young Italy to fight for the unification of the separate Italian states into one nation. 1805- 1872 Camilio di Cavour: Italian statesman, premier of the kingdom of Sardinia, and architect of the Italian unification movement in the late 1800s. 1810-1861 Giuseppe Garibaldi: Italian military and nationalist leader; unified the southern states of Italy and joined them to the north to form the united Kingdom of Italy. 1807-1882 Victor Emmanuel: King of Sardinia-Piedmont from 1849 to 1861 and king of Italy from 1861 to 1878 and was the first king of a united Italy. 1820-1878 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Red Shirts: Army of volunteer troops led by Giuseppe Garibaldi; in 1861 they led an attack on the Island of Sicily and won it for the Italians <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">II Risorgimento: a liberal/nationalist newspaper founded in Turin, December 15, 1847. A big help in the reunification of Italy.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">I am very surprised that Italy was was <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">freed from Austrian rule. I would have <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">thought that Austria would win. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Question <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Were France and Italy allies with each other <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">up until World War I? <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Prediction <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">This would have inspired the other <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">revolutions in the European nations <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Question <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">When will the rest of Italy be free? When <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Will they come together and become Italy? ||< <span style="display: block; font-family: georgia,serif; text-align: left;">Throughout Europe, Italians led unsuccessful rebellions. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2 people lead successful rebellions: Camilio di Cavour & Guiseppe Garibaldi <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Uprisings and Revolutions** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Italians rebelled against Austrian rule in 1848 <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">State of Piedmont declared war against Austrians <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Piedmont lost after 1 year <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1849: Revolutionaries took Rome & set up republic that Manzzini + 2 others governed <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">French troops later helped the Pope gain control <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Sardinia only successful rebellion; Took control and remained independent <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Cavour and Sardinia** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Camilio di Cavour was one of the major leaders of the Italian reunification <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Cavour founded the II Risorgimento which means "rebirth" <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1852: Cavour became prime minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Believed a good economy = important to a good nation <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Believed in a monarchyCavour supported France in a war with Russia and gave France the provinces of Savoy and Nice <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">France agreed to support Sardinia in its war against Austria <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1860: northern Italian States were liberated from the control of the Austrian Empire ||
 * < **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Comments/Questions/ **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Connections/ Inferences/ **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Predictions ** ||< **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Chapter 10: Nationalism in Europe **
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Section 1: Italian Unification, Path Toward Unity ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Comment

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Sardinia is the first Italian nation that broke away from the rule of other nations. The kingdom of Sardinia is the first step to a unified Italy. The next would be territory annexed by Sardinia in 1860 would be a HUGE step that will help unify Italy. The land will be very beneficial for the growth of Italy. Then, the Kingdom of Sardinia would gain territory from Austria, which will lead Austria to worry about the growth of the soon to be Italian nation. The last land gained by Sardinia will be Rome. Rome would prove to be one of the biggest achievements from the Italian rebellions. The land gained, no matter how small, will be a great domination of the Italian nations.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Summary:** The Italian rebellions would eventually lead to the independence of the Italy itself. The power of their courage and their perseverance had proved to be beneficial. Sardinia would become the only Italian nation independent at one point but would then be one of many northern Italian states to be liberated from Austria. ||


 * <span style="display: block; font-family: georgia,serif; text-align: center;">CAUSES OF ITALIAN REUNIFICATION || <span style="display: block; font-family: georgia,serif; text-align: center;">EFFECTS OF ITALIAN REUNIFICATION ||
 * * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Cavour becomes Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Garibaldi is exiled to South America and learns guerrilla tactics there
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Garibaldi later returns to Italy and leads Sardinian army against the Austrians || * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Supports France in war w/ Russia -> France becomes a powerful ally to Sardinia and supports rebellion against Austria
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Guerrilla tactics are used to help in their fight with Austria
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Territory of Lombardy is taken by the Italians ||

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**//What do Sardinia, Austria, and France have to do with Italy?//** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Austria controls many of the Italian State governments. The Kingdom of Sardinia became the first Italian state to gain independence from either Austrian rule. Out of the entire war, France is supporting the fighting nations of Italy.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**What happened to Garibaldi after the reunification?** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">After the reunification of Italy, Garibaldi was exiled. This was because Garibaldi was a "loose cannon" and Italy couldn't control him. The only way for Italy to "control" him was kick him out. Their reason for doing this was because someone that popular and with that much power could be dangerous to the new forming Italy is dangerous. Garibaldi could put new ideas into the people and a new revolution/uprising could be on their hands. Italy didn't want this so they exiled Garibaldi. However, Garibaldi wasn't exiled as a traitor. To the people, he was seen as a national hero for bringing their nation together.

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Italians need to unify was simple. At one point, the Italian nations were brought together under the rule of one leader. The Italians felt the need to come together because other nations started coming together. Many Italian nations were beginning to feel unhappy with the rule of the Austrian Empire. Many of them were together for a short period but were forced to break apart again because of Metternich's ideas to go back to old Europe. This meant that many of the Italian nations were broken apart and sent under different rules. Some under the Austrian's rule and others under the French's rule. Based on the mapon page 252, I believed that the economic future of the Italian nations is not bright. This is due to the fact many of the southern nations are not industrialized. Italian nations have railroads but do not have the natural resources to thrive against the other rising industrial nations. The economic future of Italy hangs on a thread.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Why did the Italians feel the need to unify? What motivated them? What is their economic future like? **

<span style="color: #803c00; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 150%;">GERMAN UNIFICATION

<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">King Wilheim I's promise for democratic reforms and the Zollverein gave Prussia's rising power over the German states more than Austria because it should that it would benefit the country's wellbeing. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">He united the German states into a confederation under his rule as emperor, <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">The revolution of 1848 inspired the Germans to revolt against the Prussian king. <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">The Zollverein created an alliance between the German states, which promoted a trade and a strong economy. This can be related to the stock markets because it promotes business around the world.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">What factors influence Prussia's rise to power over the other "Lesser German" states rather than Austria? **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">How did Napoleon I nurtured German nationalism? Explain. **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">How did the 1848 Revolution affect Prussia? **
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Georgia,serif;">What was the importance of the Zollverein and could compare it to a modern organization/association? **

**<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Pose a Question: ** <span style="display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; text-align: left;">What exactly is going on in this picture? **<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Visual Clues ** <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Bismarck is having trouble trying to keep the unified Germany from learning about the revolution ideas. The socialist ideas keep pushing their way through. The shadow behind him are the people in Germany who already know about the socialist ideas and maybe starting a revolution. Karl Marx, with a knife, is representing the danger to the new forming German Empire.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">the jack in the box represents all the socialist ideas not wanted
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">the man pushing the "jack" down is Bismarck
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">the "jack" in the box is Karl Marx, the father of socialist ideas
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Bismarck is having a hard time trying to get the ideas back into the box
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">There is a shadow behind Bismarck, something or someone he wasn't accounting for
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Karl Marx has a knife, meaning that the ideas are a danger to new forming Germany Empire
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Conclusion **

<span style="color: #700d0d; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 230%;">Russian Revolution <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Russian Revolution Glogster  media type="custom" key="11879378"